She was physically muscling into Carolyn Maloney's 12th Congressional District by yakking in the park just south of the Astoria pool. Ocasio's 14th CD only, starts right under the Hellgate Bridge and runs northward at the top end of the park. That's right folks - the physical division between Maloney' and Ocasio's districts runs right through the park. Maloney has the vastly greater physical share. Ocasio was trespassing.
I was on the left. I truly believed they had the right ideas. I truly believed what I was being told was correct. Why? Because they appealed to the sympathetic part of me. But what they were really doing was emotional manipulation. AOC is that personified.
She stupid. Even if you covered that whole sight inch to inch in the best high output solar cells, you would only get around 2 megawatts. --Enough power to run perhaps a single small 6 car subway train or a school and a couple homes during the daytime. The problem is our utility's, TVs, ACs, HVAC, Computers are still to inefficient running on the same 60Hz 110 VAC as 100 years ago and that's were the focus should be. Not one school, college or energy company will tell you this.
The greenest way to benefit such a dense population with towers is perhaps a small nuclear plant or cover all of Roosevelt island in solar panel's. When it comes to city's, green energy, free energy are myths like Loch Ness monsters, RooGarux, ChupaCabra's . You cant change ohms law or the laws of physics. Example 1 volt into 1 ohm=1 watt, and you cant get 20,000 BTUs of AC or heating out of 1 watt, You need more like 1000 watts, which is four high grade 250 watt solar panels full sunlight taking up a 12X15 foot print. And that doesn't include the losses in inverters and voltage regulation to turn DC into stable 120VAC 60Hz sinewave Duh, The UFT did some job on AOC, our young people what a friggan disaster !! I have to retire, I cant get anybody with brains, useful skills to work.
The best display of the CONTROLLERS making mockery of the population and the country.
George Soros, Klaus Schwab and the rest of the controllers are having a great time - forget AOC, she is just a handpicked distraction, tool for their agenda of turning this country upside down and finally in some communist banana republic.
The word "community" is being used constantly to train the sheeple for "communism".
Trump vs Bidet? Some choice and even then they had to "work hard" to get the First Vegetable elected.
Computers are still to inefficient running on the same 60Hz 110 VAC
Sorry pal. but computers INTERNALLLY use +5/+12 Volts in general, CPUs, memory 1.35-1.45 Volts.
The PSU in your system is the most IMPORTANT piece, good quality, stable power needs to be delivered from 110/220 Volts - not an efficiency issue since ALL COMPONENTS work at low voltages.
Some genius writes: (Sorry pal. but computers INTERNALLLY use +5/+12 Volts in general, CPUs, memory 1.35-1.45 Volts)
LOL--Another jackass, or is this MIT graduate AOC herself ? Internal or external 100 feet away how do you think all those different DC voltages are derived from 120 AC home electric and derived isolated from the AC bus (BLACK or RED) at that ? Clue--Not one of AOCs college professors or the same place Jack got his beanstalk beans that's for sure!!
Answer: (With exception of boats, aircraft, Space satellites running directly off 12, 24 VDC which is then direct regulated down. 95% of computers use switching supply's where 120 VAC line voltage is rectified and filtered into 160 volts DC. (You get 160 DC from the peaks in the AC sinewave) This now 160 DC voltage is then chopped into high frequency AC Squarewave through a switching transistor(yes back to AC again) to drive a transformer with several different windings to give you secondary's windings & taps for 1.35-1.45,3.3/ +5/+12. The transformer also provides Isolation from the 120VAC mains to meet UL safety codes. Each one of those now isolated low voltage windings must then be rectified & filtered back to DC a second time where its then passed through regulators and current limiting. Now add a fan sucking 300-500MA to keep all the crap cool--And that's just the power supply fan!! Even with the best MOSFET transistors, Schottky diodes, low ESR capacitors computer power supply's are no better then inverters that incur 20% or more insertion loss. Switching power supply's are actually the worst with huge losses through all this AC-DC-AC-DC conversion and regulation.
Anonymous: Go sit in a corner till you know what your talking about, stop listening to AOC, Bidon, your idiot teachers, college professors and all the other clueless dumb fucks feeding and repeating horseshit another dumb fuck told them. I assure you nobody in that chain is a real hand on electrical or electronic engineer. Get your money back from the school that told you such crap, all the correct stuff you need to know can be learned here on QC without tuition.
For your information at 20%-50%-100% is at least 80% efficient. An 80 Plus Titanium (the highest rating) is between 90%-94% efficient. Most power supplies on the market today are at least 80 Plus rated for a very good reason. Do you know why?
"Now add a fan sucking 300-500MA to keep all the crap cool--And that's just the power supply fan!! "
Most new power supplies don't even have a fan or it can be turned off.
"This now 160 DC voltage is then chopped into high frequency AC Squarewave through a switching transistor(yes back to AC again) to drive a transformer with several different windings to give you secondary's windings & taps for 1.35-1.45,3.3/ +5/+12."
Wrong! Transformers are used to step down the voltage to a primary 12V line and a secondary 5V line. The main 12V line is then stepped down further using DC-to-DC converters to 5V and 3.3V for the PC to use. A secondary 5V line is used to supply the 5V standby power circuitry so that the computer can turn on from the front power switch. Since only 12V is created from the main transformer, DC-to-DC converters are used to create the 5V and 3.3V.
The quality of the power is the most important! VRMs anyone?
Leave computer technology to others, not your forte.
~Most power supplies on the market today are at least 80 Plus rated for a very good reason. Do you know why?~
HEAT! You can run an OVERCLOCKED CPU very efficiently today, thanks to AI in the modern power supplies with simple air cooling via CPU fan.
Hardcore overclockers use liquid cooling, has nothing to do with the efficiency of the power supply - the chips need to be kept cool. Goes for video GPU, CPU.
Stupid said: "The main 12V line is then stepped down further using DC-to-DC converters to 5V and 3.3V for the PC to use"
Your still going through the initial switching lossy transformer, rectifiers, filtering to create that high amperage 12V DC line you idiot. (What I said in the first place). 80 Plus rating (ER) is not good enough, it also depends on how the product is used 2:No home computer or TV & LED backlit screen should be using over 60 watts at 100% CPU and video usage let alone 300 or more efficiency!
You can buy any energy rating sticker you want here, stop listening to the government and Department of Energy's Energy STAR program making these study's and ratings which are all fluff in most cases. The corporations selling the shit and Chinese assembling have them all the pockets.
You kids, AOC fans and self titled computer experts with the Facebooks, Photoshops Twitters and video game are friggan idiots. Always looking to fend off any facts they don't like to hear. I do give you guys credit for being great spinners, bullshitters looking to steer and control narrative. (which in this case was losses in the conversion process of switching power supply's) I have noticed the schools & colleges teach these days. Its called persuasive speech & argumentative speeches class. I listened in to the crap the libs were dishing out wile doing a contract at NYU. It was like running across the watching the old Phil Donahue and Garaldo Revaria. It was the same shit back then only from different assholes today.
To add-Labels mean nothing, a vendor can buy any official looking ratings its wants to here: https://codegreensolutions.com/nyc-local-law-33-95-update-energy-efficiency-labels-now-available-for-download/
"Hardcore overclockers use liquid cooling, has nothing to do with the efficiency of the power supply - the chips need to be kept cool. Goes for video GPU, CPU"
Oh yes the energy hog pigs playing games all day as mom and dad pay $320 plus a month electric bills. One may as well be running electric heater and an AC at the same time. Yea, We know all about them.
Gino you need to relax, obviously you don't know much about computers or the power supplies in them. Your knowledge is a bit dated. Trying to balance you lack of knowledge with AOC and snide remarks, but makes no difference.
Switching: Switching clumps a few actions together to achieve the same effect, allow electricity to flow through to the rest of the power supply. Other functions of switching include protection circuitry, such as overvoltage, overcurrent, overpower, and short circuit protections. Provide basic feedback to the computer, the most important one being the power good signal, which tells the motherboard that the PSU is good to go. Create a high-frequency (in the tens of kilohertz range) AC output. The reason is that this allows the transformers used in the next step to be small. Switching requires feedback from the output in order to work properly. This is done by tapping into the output voltages that feed into the computer.
Got it?
As for
***2:No home computer or TV & LED backlit screen should be using over 60 watts at 100% CPU and video usage let alone 300 or more efficiency!*****
60 Watts at 100% CPU? Dude you really have no clue what you are talking about.
Ok, AMD has 65W models, but mostly 105W models. Intel has a lot 125W plus models. Regardless, the video cards use most of the power anyway. Like an RTX, BigNavi.
Power consumption on the LED screens is size dependent in the same technology branch! OLED, IPS, LCD aren't exactly the same you know.
80Plus is the minimum and is very good at being efficient! Don't believe me? Don't have to. Check you Con Edison bill.
Politics and who is assembling your power supply and computer has nothing to do with what the facts are.
2:No home computer or TV & LED backlit screen should be using over 60 watts at 100% CPU and video usage let alone 300 or more efficiency!
Not sure what your background is, but is not computing that's for sure!
Here is the power draw per average components:
Low/Mid-range graphics (like GTX 1660) ~165-200W High-end graphics (like RTX 3080) ~350W Mechanical Hard drives ~9W each Solid State Hard Drives ~3W each Intel/AMD Consumer CPU (i5-10600 or Ryzen 5 5600X) ~75-125W Intel/AMD Pro CPU (Intel Xeon or AMD Threadripper) ~140-200W+ Motherboard ~30-80W RAM ~3W per stick Optical Drives ~25W
As an overclocker, the dude above is right, heat is the sign of inefficiency! With my 80Plus Gold power supply my monthly bill is less than with an simple 80Plus. About 10 bucks.
Oh yes the energy hog pigs playing games all day as mom and dad pay $320 plus a month electric bills. One may as well be running electric heater and an AC at the same time.
You cannot fix stupid. This includes you. As a hardcore gamer with overclocked CPU/GPU my monthly bill is $50. In the summer is $120. Since you know it all, talk to the cryptomining crew. Don't know what that is? Well stupid is as stupid does. Ask around.
***********Your still going through the initial switching lossy transformer, rectifiers, filtering to create that high amperage 12V DC line you idiot. (What I said in the first place).***********
You are full of it con man. What high amperage? You mean the union overtime? Jackass.
"hahaha the italian stallion got his ass handed to him"
Not to sure about that, and I think he's Sicilian. Anyway the game playing trolls are admitting they are consuming huge electric. Those lines "As a hardcore gamer" and that list of "power draw per average components" says it all, including stupidity. These guys are just cutting and pasting specks and clearly ignorant in electronics & electrical engineering. Todays version of kids building Mopar gas guzzling hotrods, Bradley kit cars & buggys from prebuilt motors, frames and parts back in the good days. I also remember the gas lines and shitstorm you got if you badmouthed one of those cars for any reason. Advance to 2021 with a twist: Now its young shithead gamers out in full force in defense of wasting huge electricity to playing games on rodded cranked to the max computers yet complain "we want free or cheap green energy to power our 800 watt gaming computers" Holy Shit, What a huge oxymoron written by actual morons. Typical Millennials, Shit brains and Bidet-a-boo's !! If they are going to do this crap they should do as AOC says "conserve" and use laptops or phones till actual advances in desktop technology gets the power usage down. That list of "power draw usage per average components" is absolutely obscene and disgusting, it pretty much says what Gino was complaining about. As much power (or more) then a midsize bedroom window air conditioner to play video games? Cell phones have the horsepower to play those games on battery power for days. Elon Musk has satellites beaming internet to millions from space on the power usage of a laptop. All these desktops "gas guzzlers" in near every home running 365 a year are at best, still just that "gas guzzlers" consuming a huge piece of the pie making green energy's near impossible to feed. And I completely understood that as Gino's original point.
Ahh the truth comes out !! I know what it is and I don't associate with con artists, including cyber-criminals using computers as proxies to fish, hook and traffic bitcoin and other bullshit cryptocurrency. Friggan lazy scammers who cant work an honest hard days work!!!!! Is real honest work too hard for you ? Pretty clever ones I must admit, using graphics cards as the processors to multitask the transactions and mask your actions. This has AMD and China written all over it, include basements in Flushing, Bayside or Malba with some electric meter bypassed or piggybacking on somebody else electric service and internet. With COVID moratoriums on investigations ending I hope the feds toss you all in the porker with Bubba !! Hey, I have nothing against ASIANS but I do have issues with criminals and healthy able lazy bastards who just don't wanna work. -Gee
~~Oh yes the energy hog pigs playing games all day as mom and dad pay $320 plus a month electric bills. One may as well be running electric heater and an AC at the same time. Yea, We know all about them~~
Do you? In your gasoline powered car you have cooling don't you? Do you know the efficiency of a gasoline engine by any chance? Do you know how much money are you wasting via heat?
Only winding or core loss occurs in the transformer. Due to this, very small losses occur in transformer as compare to the other devices in the electrical machine. This is also one of the reasons that the transformer is more power-efficient.
Rocket scientists in the pissing contest needed 60 words to describe A flyback transformer circuit from 1926 TV sets used in all your crap today 2 words: "flyback transformer" or "flyback converter" According to Wikipedia this old system is in deed inefficient due to not only magnetostriction but also leakage inductance. The average person should be able to understand the circuit, its an interesting read. I think the Italian guy was right, read for yourselves.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyback_transformer
Quit gaming, listening to AOC and learn yourself something kids !!
Ginos exact quote was: line voltage is rectified and filtered into 160 volts DC. (You get 160 DC from the peaks in the AC sinewave) This now 160 DC voltage is then chopped into high frequency AC Squarewave through a switching transistor(yes back to AC again) to drive a transformer with several different windings to give you secondary's windings & taps for 1.35-1.45,3.3/ +5/+12, then those need be converted to DC again !
Yep, took a near hour to fact check because the correct term is called Switched mode_power_supplys but the above sounds spot on. Scroll down to "Uses" around line 19 and beyond here. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC-to-DC_converter
And again HERE in more detail starting with "Theory of operation" and all the losses going through all these stages & parts these things need to work https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched-mode_power_supply#Theory_of_operation
Where do you see 160V DC voltage in your Wikipedia article? Do you need some real documentation? Just ask.
DC-to-DC in modern computers is done on the motherboards with VRMs. Voltage Regulator Modules. There is no 1.35/1.45 etc connector from the power supply. I for one under volt my CPU which is overclocked. You can't do that with fixed connections pal.
You must be an electrician, have no clue how computers work. Is not your fault, but try to learn and not from Wikipedia from where you are quoting from.
*****I know what it is and I don't associate with con artists, including cyber-criminals using computers as proxies to fish, hook and traffic bitcoin and other bullshit cryptocurrency.*****
For your information cryptocurrency operations are totally legal in most countries including the good old US of A. Check Wikipedia about it while you checking PSU operations.
Cryptocurrency mining is done mostly via specialized hardware, not PC-s. I would have a hard time imagining that you are running 8 RTX/BigNavi cards in your home PC - provided you can even find one of those cards today.
You are too quick to judge without much knowledge of the current world. Which puts you in the AOC category, but hey she was a bartender (nothing wrong with it!) so I cannot really blame her.
Do you think corporate America is stupid with millions and millions of servers and computers? Think again. Google servers are running 90% power efficiency! So relax and learn, no hard feelings.
The Gamers just want a challenge, that's what they do to keep sharp. And will create that challenge at any cost when not going at it with each other. In this case its re-steer the narrative to discuss every semiconductor used in a computer to show how smart they are.
It doesn't matter, nothing will improve until the manufactures are compelled or have a need to re-design a better home computers. Microsoft don't like hearing that and neither does National Grid, Con Ed, the game players and the manufactures of such antiquated repackaged architecture. Until then over 300 million home computers will continue to spin the electric meters off every home in the country. Its been done with smartphones to run days on a small single battery.
So what's all this mean in English. A gang of engineering students, scientists and professional video game players got there ass kicked by one WOP plumber from Queens?
Feel sorry for you. You keep spinning your lies. Like AOC does. There is nothing wrong with home computers. There is a problem with idiots like you, who think they know it all, but in reality know nothing, but the money is good.
!!This now 160 DC voltage is then chopped into high frequency !!
Talk about copy and paste. Are you stupid or something?
In my 35 years of PC/Server support I have yet to see 160V DC inside of a computer.
Man....
Gaming dude is right, switching power supplies today are super efficient, try linear if you have gripes, but man no wonder Bidet is in charge with AOC talking about the New Green Deal. Takes idiots like you!
Knuckleheads -- 160DC is the rectified and filtered 120AC, its across the primary electrolytic in the power supply after the line chokes and diodes. If the in from the wall outlet is 120VAC it will be 169.70 to be exact after rectification and the primary filter capacitor. Its called VRMS Wall AC is a 120 volt AC sign wave (Volts RMS) The full voltage between positive and negative peaks of the waveform go through the rectifier diodes then into the primary capacitor. This is, the sum of the magnitude of the positive and negative peaks of the 120VAC sinewave. This magnitude of the positive and negative peaks is called Vpp (Volts Peak to Peak)
Anyway you gamers and tinkers are so upset you are completely missing the point. Which was desktops in homes use too much electricity. Let me put is as I would children. If a hog eats 20 pounds of food & water then shits & pisses 20 pounds out the other end (without throwing up) it ate 100% efficient but its still a hog !! Duh ! I gotta get back to work, get off the dam video games and get your shit together children.
This now 160 DC voltage is then chopped into high frequency !! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Yes, wall 120V wall AC becomes 160-170 volts DC when its converted to through a full wave bridge rectifier and filtered into DC. The capacitor fills in the ripple voltage it then heads to the switching stage. Its explained in detail on the below blog. https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-take-120V-from-an-electrical-outlet-and-make-it-120V-DC
So in today's lessons for the plumber wanna be computer geek we learn CLEAN power is the most important thing in computers. Of course it is. Everything in your machine, including this post is 0-s and 1-s and encoding how 0-s and 1-s are stored, represented. That's for an other day.
Not in 1920s TV technology, my IPS screen works on low voltage is not a 50K Volt tube. Remember those yellow/red tags on your old TV tubes High Voltage?
Exactly what the plumber said in the first place. All desktop PSUs, laptop adapters, TVs, monitors
"where the 120-volt AC line voltage is rectified to 170 volts DC, it is then chopped at hundreds of kilohertz and passed through a high-frequency transformer, where it is again transformed to a lower voltage AC and then again rectified to DC"
"In my 35 years of PC/Server support I have yet to see 160V DC inside of a computer"
The power supply is designed isolated so you never would. To find that 160 DC you would need to open up the PSU, get to the primary side of the board and line transformer. Its across one of the large 250 volt or more electrolytic filter capacitors. (the low output side has the 1000uf or more 16V and 25 Volt caps) The PSU would also need to be plugged in with the board slid out with your test leads on the trace side. (some better PSUs have test points, sometimes you can access this measurement off a diode or power transistor from the topside) I talked to computer repair guys, they don't do time consuming bench tech component level troubleshooting & repairs on anything that needs desoldering. They are trained to just replace the whole PSU, boards, cards, etc and move on.
PS: I learned by figuring out and fixing computers people threw to the curb as a hobby with a little help from a friend Jimmy H who worked at the IT dept at Bank of America downtown. He would come over and see me desoldering capacitors on a PC board and laugh "smoke, are you kidding me, throw it out and replace it with a new one" Response: "But, Jimmy I don't have a replacement or new one, I got to fix this to use the computer" Unfortunately Jimmy passed around 10 years ago.
Easy Kato, you don't need all that math and formulas. You take your 120 wall AC and multiply it x 1.41 That's your peak voltage the filter capacitor develops and holds after rectification (around 168/170 no load) That's the formula for sinewaves RMS to Peak to Peak without all the bullshit. I try to keep it simple so readers here can understand it an learn. Don't they teach you anything in school, or did tech schools and the UFT toss physics and ohms law out the window also? Its a common issue, most these computer repair people and gamers don't know crap. They complete repairs by swapping out boards and power supply's, not actual electronic component level troubleshooting bench work that takes time, special skills, equipment and effort. Its become a lost skill and dam shame at that.
-Gee (the plumber wanna be computer geek) Actually I'm a licensed electrician, plumber and contractor. I already wear 3 hats but thank you !!!
Find 169.70V DC here: https://www.lifewire.com/atx-24-pin-12v-power-supply-pinout-2624578
NOPE WRONG ! Look closely, not even on the power switch which accesses TTL controls that allows the PC to turn on, sleep, wake up, wake up on LAN etc. It would be a serious safety issue if it were
75 comments:
Welcome back too the stone age.
Thank you AOC for turning the U.S. into a Banana Republic of Amerizuela !
To late for Force The Vote !
AOC : Next time ... next time ... next time ...
If we give you what we promised you, we won't have anything to promise you next time.
But thanks for continuing to vote for us. ; )
‘So cozy with Pelosi’ Those against Force the Vote are shills (or) stuck on stupid.
Vote red. Vote blue. It’s all the same. Different propaganda. Same policies.
She was physically muscling into Carolyn Maloney's 12th Congressional District by yakking in the park just south of the Astoria pool. Ocasio's 14th CD only, starts right under the Hellgate Bridge and runs northward at the top end of the park. That's right folks - the physical division between Maloney' and Ocasio's districts runs right through the park. Maloney has the vastly greater physical share. Ocasio was trespassing.
AOC IS SOFAKINGHOT!!!
JQ writes: "Ocasio-Cortez comes alive". Please translate "comes alive". Thank you.
@Noah
Direct your inane and picayune demand to Peter Frampton.
Who's he?
Get Lawst Noah
I believe that spelling is incorrect.
Was there a Spanish version speech to make things easier for the immigrant ?
AOC can really roll the "R"s...
I could not make it to the end I felt like I was lossing my brain cells.
AOC could give me Brain Atrophy.
The very minute AOC becomes POTUS, the US being a 3rd World Country will no longer be just a meme.
Nancy Pelosi jr. Is gaslighting us again.
She’s going to be a terrific narcissistic mother.
Is she on her way to visit Biden's Concentration Camps on the border and take photos? nah..
I was on the left. I truly believed they had the right ideas. I truly believed what I was being told was correct. Why? Because they appealed to the sympathetic part of me. But what they were really doing was emotional manipulation. AOC is that personified.
AOC Clock: 3560 days left to the end of the planet.
AOC could have forced the vote on free healthcare, but she didn't. I wonder why not?
She's probably the weakest person in congress.
Like, ya said...
Sure, let's just go full Communist, that will solve everything.
Brainwashed fools are her most loyal followers !
She stupid.
Even if you covered that whole sight inch to inch in the best high output solar cells, you would only get around 2 megawatts. --Enough power to run perhaps a single small 6 car subway train or a school and a couple homes during the daytime. The problem is our utility's, TVs, ACs, HVAC, Computers are still to inefficient running on the same 60Hz 110 VAC as 100 years ago and that's were the focus should be.
Not one school, college or energy company will tell you this.
The greenest way to benefit such a dense population with towers is perhaps a small nuclear plant or cover all of Roosevelt island in solar panel's.
When it comes to city's, green energy, free energy are myths like Loch Ness monsters, RooGarux, ChupaCabra's . You cant change ohms law or the laws of physics.
Example 1 volt into 1 ohm=1 watt, and you cant get 20,000 BTUs of AC or heating out of 1 watt, You need more like 1000 watts, which is four high grade 250 watt solar panels full sunlight taking up a 12X15 foot print. And that doesn't include the losses in inverters and voltage regulation to turn DC into stable 120VAC 60Hz sinewave
Duh, The UFT did some job on AOC, our young people what a friggan disaster !!
I have to retire, I cant get anybody with brains, useful skills to work.
-Gee
The best display of the CONTROLLERS making mockery of the population and the country.
George Soros, Klaus Schwab and the rest of the controllers are having a great time
- forget AOC, she is just a handpicked distraction, tool for their agenda of turning this country upside down and finally in some communist banana republic.
The word "community" is being used constantly to train the sheeple for "communism".
Trump vs Bidet? Some choice and even then they had to "work hard" to get the First Vegetable elected.
@Gino said... Right on the Mark !
Computers are still to inefficient running on the same 60Hz 110 VAC
Sorry pal. but computers INTERNALLLY use +5/+12 Volts in general, CPUs, memory 1.35-1.45 Volts.
The PSU in your system is the most IMPORTANT piece, good quality, stable power needs to be delivered from 110/220 Volts - not an efficiency issue since ALL COMPONENTS work at low voltages.
Some genius writes: (Sorry pal. but computers INTERNALLLY use +5/+12 Volts in general, CPUs, memory 1.35-1.45 Volts)
LOL--Another jackass, or is this MIT graduate AOC herself ?
Internal or external 100 feet away how do you think all those different DC voltages are derived from 120 AC home electric and derived isolated from the AC bus (BLACK or RED) at that ?
Clue--Not one of AOCs college professors or the same place Jack got his beanstalk beans that's for sure!!
Answer:
(With exception of boats, aircraft, Space satellites running directly off 12, 24 VDC which is then direct regulated down.
95% of computers use switching supply's where
120 VAC line voltage is rectified and filtered into 160 volts DC.
(You get 160 DC from the peaks in the AC sinewave)
This now 160 DC voltage is then chopped into high frequency AC Squarewave through a switching transistor(yes back to AC again) to drive a transformer with several different windings to give you secondary's windings & taps for 1.35-1.45,3.3/ +5/+12.
The transformer also provides Isolation from the 120VAC mains to meet UL safety codes.
Each one of those now isolated low voltage windings must then be rectified & filtered back to DC a second time where its then passed through regulators and current limiting. Now add a fan sucking 300-500MA to keep all the crap cool--And that's just the power supply fan!!
Even with the best MOSFET transistors, Schottky diodes, low ESR capacitors computer power supply's are no better then inverters that incur 20% or more insertion loss.
Switching power supply's are actually the worst with huge losses through all this AC-DC-AC-DC conversion and regulation.
Anonymous: Go sit in a corner till you know what your talking about, stop listening to AOC, Bidon, your idiot teachers, college professors and all the other clueless dumb fucks feeding and repeating horseshit another dumb fuck told them. I assure you nobody in that chain is a real hand on electrical or electronic engineer.
Get your money back from the school that told you such crap, all the correct stuff you need to know can be learned here on QC without tuition.
-Gee
@Gino
80 Plus rating means anything to you?
For your information at 20%-50%-100% is at least 80% efficient.
An 80 Plus Titanium (the highest rating) is between 90%-94% efficient.
Most power supplies on the market today are at least 80 Plus rated for a very good reason.
Do you know why?
@Gino said... "MIT graduate AOC herself ?" LOL...
Gino darling
"Now add a fan sucking 300-500MA to keep all the crap cool--And that's just the power supply fan!! "
Most new power supplies don't even have a fan or it can be turned off.
"This now 160 DC voltage is then chopped into high frequency AC Squarewave through a switching transistor(yes back to AC again) to drive a transformer with several different windings to give you secondary's windings & taps for 1.35-1.45,3.3/ +5/+12."
Wrong!
Transformers are used to step down the voltage to a primary 12V line and a secondary 5V line. The main 12V line is then stepped down further using DC-to-DC converters to 5V and 3.3V for the PC to use. A secondary 5V line is used to supply the 5V standby power circuitry so that the computer can turn on from the front power switch.
Since only 12V is created from the main transformer, DC-to-DC converters are used to create the 5V and 3.3V.
The quality of the power is the most important! VRMs anyone?
Leave computer technology to others, not your forte.
~Most power supplies on the market today are at least 80 Plus rated for a very good reason.
Do you know why?~
HEAT! You can run an OVERCLOCKED CPU very efficiently today, thanks to AI in the modern power supplies with simple air cooling via CPU fan.
Hardcore overclockers use liquid cooling, has nothing to do with the efficiency of the power supply - the chips need to be kept cool. Goes for video GPU, CPU.
Stupid said: "The main 12V line is then stepped down further using DC-to-DC converters to 5V and 3.3V for the PC to use"
Your still going through the initial switching lossy transformer, rectifiers, filtering to create that high amperage 12V DC line you idiot. (What I said in the first place).
80 Plus rating (ER) is not good enough, it also depends on how the product is used
2:No home computer or TV & LED backlit screen should be using over 60 watts at 100% CPU and video usage let alone 300 or more efficiency!
You can buy any energy rating sticker you want here, stop listening to the government and Department of Energy's Energy STAR program making these study's and ratings which are all fluff in most cases.
The corporations selling the shit and Chinese assembling have them all the pockets.
You kids, AOC fans and self titled computer experts with the Facebooks, Photoshops Twitters and video game are friggan idiots. Always looking to fend off any facts they don't like to hear. I do give you guys credit for being great spinners, bullshitters looking to steer and control narrative. (which in this case was losses in the conversion process of switching power supply's)
I have noticed the schools & colleges teach these days. Its called persuasive speech & argumentative speeches class. I listened in to the crap the libs were dishing out wile doing a contract at NYU. It was like running across the watching the old Phil Donahue and Garaldo Revaria. It was the same shit back then only from different assholes today.
To add-Labels mean nothing, a vendor can buy any official looking ratings its wants to here:
https://codegreensolutions.com/nyc-local-law-33-95-update-energy-efficiency-labels-now-available-for-download/
"Hardcore overclockers use liquid cooling, has nothing to do with the efficiency of the power supply - the chips need to be kept cool. Goes for video GPU, CPU"
Oh yes the energy hog pigs playing games all day as mom and dad pay $320 plus a month electric bills. One may as well be running electric heater and an AC at the same time.
Yea, We know all about them.
Gino you need to relax, obviously you don't know much about computers or the power supplies in them. Your knowledge is a bit dated.
Trying to balance you lack of knowledge with AOC and snide remarks, but makes no difference.
Switching:
Switching clumps a few actions together to achieve the same effect, allow electricity to flow through to the rest of the power supply. Other functions of switching include
protection circuitry, such as overvoltage, overcurrent, overpower, and short circuit protections.
Provide basic feedback to the computer, the most important one being the power good signal, which tells the motherboard that the PSU is good to go.
Create a high-frequency (in the tens of kilohertz range) AC output. The reason is that this allows the transformers used in the next step to be small.
Switching requires feedback from the output in order to work properly. This is done by tapping into the output voltages that feed into the computer.
Got it?
As for
***2:No home computer or TV & LED backlit screen should be using over 60 watts at 100% CPU and video usage let alone 300 or more efficiency!*****
60 Watts at 100% CPU? Dude you really have no clue what you are talking about.
Ok, AMD has 65W models, but mostly 105W models. Intel has a lot 125W plus models.
Regardless, the video cards use most of the power anyway. Like an RTX, BigNavi.
Power consumption on the LED screens is size dependent in the same technology branch! OLED, IPS, LCD aren't exactly the same you know.
80Plus is the minimum and is very good at being efficient!
Don't believe me? Don't have to. Check you Con Edison bill.
Politics and who is assembling your power supply and computer has nothing to do with what the facts are.
Tune in next week when they argue the quality of their bellybutton lint.
2:No home computer or TV & LED backlit screen should be using over 60 watts at 100% CPU and video usage let alone 300 or more efficiency!
Not sure what your background is, but is not computing that's for sure!
Here is the power draw per average components:
Low/Mid-range graphics (like GTX 1660) ~165-200W
High-end graphics (like RTX 3080) ~350W
Mechanical Hard drives ~9W each
Solid State Hard Drives ~3W each
Intel/AMD Consumer CPU (i5-10600 or Ryzen 5 5600X) ~75-125W
Intel/AMD Pro CPU (Intel Xeon or AMD Threadripper) ~140-200W+
Motherboard ~30-80W
RAM ~3W per stick
Optical Drives ~25W
As an overclocker, the dude above is right, heat is the sign of inefficiency!
With my 80Plus Gold power supply my monthly bill is less than with an simple 80Plus.
About 10 bucks.
Tune in next week when they argue the quality of their bellybutton lint.
No worries, you'll be happy to find out Bidet wants you to eat 4 lbs of meat a year, have an electric heat pump ($5700) and drive a joke electric car.
There you go bellybutton lint.
hahaha the italian stallion got his ass handed to him, well done gino, you are busy putting everybody down while you are dumber than a doorknob.
Oh yes the energy hog pigs playing games all day as mom and dad pay $320 plus a month electric bills. One may as well be running electric heater and an AC at the same time.
You cannot fix stupid. This includes you. As a hardcore gamer with overclocked CPU/GPU my monthly bill is $50. In the summer is $120.
Since you know it all, talk to the cryptomining crew.
Don't know what that is?
Well stupid is as stupid does.
Ask around.
***********Your still going through the initial switching lossy transformer, rectifiers, filtering to create that high amperage 12V DC line you idiot. (What I said in the first place).***********
You are full of it con man. What high amperage? You mean the union overtime?
Jackass.
Hey guess what?!? No electric bills in the PJ's The AC is blasting and the Xbox is cranking!!
"hahaha the italian stallion got his ass handed to him"
Not to sure about that, and I think he's Sicilian. Anyway the game playing trolls are admitting they are consuming huge electric. Those lines "As a hardcore gamer" and that list of "power draw per average components" says it all, including stupidity.
These guys are just cutting and pasting specks and clearly ignorant in electronics & electrical engineering. Todays version of kids building Mopar gas guzzling hotrods, Bradley kit cars & buggys from prebuilt motors, frames and parts back in the good days. I also remember the gas lines and shitstorm you got if you badmouthed one of those cars for any reason.
Advance to 2021 with a twist:
Now its young shithead gamers out in full force in defense of wasting huge electricity to playing games on rodded cranked to the max computers yet complain "we want free or cheap green energy to power our 800 watt gaming computers"
Holy Shit, What a huge oxymoron written by actual morons.
Typical Millennials, Shit brains and Bidet-a-boo's !!
If they are going to do this crap they should do as AOC says "conserve" and use laptops or phones till actual advances in desktop technology gets the power usage down.
That list of "power draw usage per average components" is absolutely obscene and disgusting, it pretty much says what Gino was complaining about.
As much power (or more) then a midsize bedroom window air conditioner to play video games? Cell phones have the horsepower to play those games on battery power for days. Elon Musk has satellites beaming internet to millions from space on the power usage of a laptop. All these desktops "gas guzzlers" in near every home running 365 a year are at best, still just that "gas guzzlers" consuming a huge piece of the pie making green energy's near impossible to feed.
And I completely understood that as Gino's original point.
"talk to the cryptomining crew"
Ahh the truth comes out !!
I know what it is and I don't associate with con artists, including cyber-criminals using computers as proxies to fish, hook and traffic bitcoin and other bullshit cryptocurrency.
Friggan lazy scammers who cant work an honest hard days work!!!!!
Is real honest work too hard for you ?
Pretty clever ones I must admit, using graphics cards as the processors to multitask the transactions and mask your actions.
This has AMD and China written all over it, include basements in Flushing, Bayside or Malba with some electric meter bypassed or piggybacking on somebody else electric service and internet.
With COVID moratoriums on investigations ending I hope the feds toss you all in the porker with Bubba !!
Hey, I have nothing against ASIANS but I do have issues with criminals and healthy able lazy bastards who just don't wanna work.
-Gee
~~Oh yes the energy hog pigs playing games all day as mom and dad pay $320 plus a month electric bills. One may as well be running electric heater and an AC at the same time.
Yea, We know all about them~~
Do you? In your gasoline powered car you have cooling don't you?
Do you know the efficiency of a gasoline engine by any chance?
Do you know how much money are you wasting via heat?
Gino Stupido elaborate a bit on 80 Plus rating (ER) is not good enough, it also depends on how the product is used.
Waiting....
PS. Physics is where the laws of thermodynamics exist. Is really fascinating.
Gino's Lossy Transformer
Only winding or core loss occurs in the transformer.
Due to this, very small losses occur in transformer as compare to the other devices in the electrical machine.
This is also one of the reasons that the transformer is more power-efficient.
Quote "Switching"
Rocket scientists in the pissing contest needed 60 words to describe A flyback transformer circuit from 1926 TV sets used in all your crap today
2 words: "flyback transformer" or "flyback converter"
According to Wikipedia this old system is in deed inefficient due to not only magnetostriction but also leakage inductance.
The average person should be able to understand the circuit, its an interesting read. I think the Italian guy was right, read for yourselves.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyback_transformer
Quit gaming, listening to AOC and learn yourself something kids !!
https://www.spudfiles.com/spud_wiki/images/3/33/Flybackdriver.gif
Ginos exact quote was:
line voltage is rectified and filtered into 160 volts DC.
(You get 160 DC from the peaks in the AC sinewave)
This now 160 DC voltage is then chopped into high frequency AC Squarewave through a switching transistor(yes back to AC again) to drive a transformer with several different windings to give you secondary's windings & taps for 1.35-1.45,3.3/ +5/+12, then those need be converted to DC again !
Yep, took a near hour to fact check because the correct term is called Switched mode_power_supplys but the above sounds spot on. Scroll down to "Uses" around line 19 and beyond here.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC-to-DC_converter
And again HERE in more detail starting with "Theory of operation" and all the losses going through all these stages & parts these things need to work
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched-mode_power_supply#Theory_of_operation
Gino trying to hard.
Where do you see 160V DC voltage in your Wikipedia article?
Do you need some real documentation? Just ask.
DC-to-DC in modern computers is done on the motherboards with VRMs.
Voltage Regulator Modules. There is no 1.35/1.45 etc connector from the power supply.
I for one under volt my CPU which is overclocked. You can't do that with fixed connections pal.
You must be an electrician, have no clue how computers work. Is not your fault, but try to learn and not from Wikipedia from where you are quoting from.
Modern computer PSUs are super efficient. Period.
*****I know what it is and I don't associate with con artists, including cyber-criminals using computers as proxies to fish, hook and traffic bitcoin and other bullshit cryptocurrency.*****
For your information cryptocurrency operations are totally legal in most countries including the good old US of A.
Check Wikipedia about it while you checking PSU operations.
Cryptocurrency mining is done mostly via specialized hardware, not PC-s.
I would have a hard time imagining that you are running 8 RTX/BigNavi cards in your home PC - provided you can even find one of those cards today.
You are too quick to judge without much knowledge of the current world.
Which puts you in the AOC category, but hey she was a bartender (nothing wrong with it!) so I cannot really blame her.
Do you think corporate America is stupid with millions and millions of servers and computers?
Think again. Google servers are running 90% power efficiency!
So relax and learn, no hard feelings.
A flyback transformer circuit from 1926 TV sets used in all your crap today
Stuck in the glorious 1920's huh?
Since is 2021 check ATX12V 1.x and 2.x.
Make some progress :) :) :)
The Gamers just want a challenge, that's what they do to keep sharp. And will create that challenge at any cost when not going at it with each other.
In this case its re-steer the narrative to discuss every semiconductor used in a computer to show how smart they are.
It doesn't matter, nothing will improve until the manufactures are compelled or have a need to re-design a better home computers. Microsoft don't like hearing that and neither does National Grid, Con Ed, the game players and the manufactures of such antiquated repackaged architecture.
Until then over 300 million home computers will continue to spin the electric meters off every home in the country.
Its been done with smartphones to run days on a small single battery.
-Gee
AOC makes the weak minded Sheeple "Feel" good !
She has no interest in protecting civil liberties.
So what's all this mean in English.
A gang of engineering students, scientists and professional video game players got there ass kicked by one WOP plumber from Queens?
Oh boy, This country's in deep shit!!
@Gino.
Feel sorry for you. You keep spinning your lies. Like AOC does.
There is nothing wrong with home computers.
There is a problem with idiots like you, who think they know it all, but in reality know nothing, but the money is good.
So what's all this mean in English.
Gino is that you baby?
he Gamers just want a challenge,
No, you do. Probably beat your mailman for your bills.
Stop making a fool of yourself, do plumbing, electrical work, something that you maybe good at without ripping of old ladies.
****Oh boy, This country's in deep shit!!***
No, you are.
***A gang of engineering students, scientists and professional video game players got there ass kicked by one WOP plumber from Queens?***
40 years of experience handed Gino is coward ass. nothing personal.
Now move on.
!!This now 160 DC voltage is then chopped into high frequency !!
Talk about copy and paste. Are you stupid or something?
In my 35 years of PC/Server support I have yet to see 160V DC inside of a computer.
Man....
Gaming dude is right, switching power supplies today are super efficient, try linear if you have gripes, but man no wonder Bidet is in charge with AOC talking about the New Green Deal. Takes idiots like you!
>>>>So what's all this mean in English<<<<
People watching the AOC threads had a meltdown because the plumber called AOCs energy plans and home computers crap.
Knuckleheads -- 160DC is the rectified and filtered 120AC, its across the primary electrolytic in the power supply after the line chokes and diodes.
If the in from the wall outlet is 120VAC it will be 169.70 to be exact after rectification and the primary filter capacitor.
Its called VRMS
Wall AC is a 120 volt AC sign wave (Volts RMS)
The full voltage between positive and negative peaks of the waveform go through the rectifier diodes then into the primary capacitor. This is, the sum of the magnitude of the positive and negative peaks of the 120VAC sinewave.
This magnitude of the positive and negative peaks is called Vpp (Volts Peak to Peak)
Anyway you gamers and tinkers are so upset you are completely missing the point.
Which was desktops in homes use too much electricity.
Let me put is as I would children.
If a hog eats 20 pounds of food & water then shits & pisses 20 pounds out the other end (without throwing up) it ate 100% efficient but its still a hog !!
Duh !
I gotta get back to work, get off the dam video games and get your shit together children.
-Gee
This now 160 DC voltage is then chopped into high frequency !!
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Yes, wall 120V wall AC becomes 160-170 volts DC when its converted to through a full wave bridge rectifier and filtered into DC.
The capacitor fills in the ripple voltage it then heads to the switching stage.
Its explained in detail on the below blog.
https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-take-120V-from-an-electrical-outlet-and-make-it-120V-DC
Knucklehead, when 230V DC is plugged in, it becomes what then? 160V DC?
You know switching power supply.
Keep at it. Need to laugh sometimes :) :)
https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-take-120V-from-an-electrical-outlet-and-make-it-120V-DC
Has nothing to do with PSUs or how they work.
Try again.
People watching the AOC threads had a meltdown because the plumber called AOCs energy plans and home computers crap.
the plumber agrees with AOC
just saying...both dumb as a rock.
Gino
Find 169.70V DC here:
https://www.lifewire.com/atx-24-pin-12v-power-supply-pinout-2624578
VRMs here:
https://www.maketecheasier.com/what-is-vrm/
So in today's lessons for the plumber wanna be computer geek we learn CLEAN power is the most important thing in computers. Of course it is. Everything in your machine, including this post is 0-s and 1-s and encoding how 0-s and 1-s are stored, represented. That's for an other day.
Not in 1920s TV technology, my IPS screen works on low voltage is not a 50K Volt tube.
Remember those yellow/red tags on your old TV tubes High Voltage?
Happy plumbing!
Exactly what the plumber said in the first place.
All desktop PSUs, laptop adapters, TVs, monitors
"where the 120-volt AC line voltage is rectified to 170 volts DC, it is then chopped at hundreds of kilohertz and passed through a high-frequency transformer, where it is again transformed to a lower voltage AC and then again rectified to DC"
https://www.instructables.com/Fixing-a-Laptop-Adapter/
The plumber should stick to an abacus.
Here is the home country version:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abacus#/media/File:RomanAbacusRecon.jpg
"In my 35 years of PC/Server support I have yet to see 160V DC inside of a computer"
The power supply is designed isolated so you never would.
To find that 160 DC you would need to open up the PSU, get to the primary side of the board and line transformer. Its across one of the large 250 volt or more electrolytic filter capacitors. (the low output side has the 1000uf or more 16V and 25 Volt caps)
The PSU would also need to be plugged in with the board slid out with your test leads on the trace side. (some better PSUs have test points, sometimes you can access this measurement off a diode or power transistor from the topside)
I talked to computer repair guys, they don't do time consuming bench tech component level troubleshooting & repairs on anything that needs desoldering.
They are trained to just replace the whole PSU, boards, cards, etc and move on.
PS: I learned by figuring out and fixing computers people threw to the curb as a hobby with a little help from a friend Jimmy H who worked at the IT dept at Bank of America downtown.
He would come over and see me desoldering capacitors on a PC board and laugh "smoke, are you kidding me, throw it out and replace it with a new one" Response: "But, Jimmy I don't have a replacement or new one, I got to fix this to use the computer" Unfortunately Jimmy passed around 10 years ago.
--Gee
Easy Kato, you don't need all that math and formulas.
You take your 120 wall AC and multiply it x 1.41
That's your peak voltage the filter capacitor develops and holds after rectification (around 168/170 no load)
That's the formula for sinewaves RMS to Peak to Peak without all the bullshit.
I try to keep it simple so readers here can understand it an learn.
Don't they teach you anything in school, or did tech schools and the UFT toss physics and ohms law out the window also? Its a common issue, most these computer repair people and gamers don't know crap. They complete repairs by swapping out boards and power supply's, not actual electronic component level troubleshooting bench work that takes time, special skills, equipment and effort.
Its become a lost skill and dam shame at that.
-Gee
(the plumber wanna be computer geek)
Actually I'm a licensed electrician, plumber and contractor.
I already wear 3 hats but thank you !!!
Find 169.70V DC here:
https://www.lifewire.com/atx-24-pin-12v-power-supply-pinout-2624578
NOPE WRONG !
Look closely, not even on the power switch which accesses TTL controls that allows the PC to turn on, sleep, wake up, wake up on LAN etc.
It would be a serious safety issue if it were
@Gino said... This guys 1 1/2" brain trap is clogged. He never turned a screw driver don't waste your time.
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